Sanitary equipment chiefly for the preparation of carbonic gas baths



`Fune 20, 1950 p, DEROME SANITARY EQUIPMENT CHIEFLY FOR THE PREPARATION OF CARBONIC GAS BATHS 3 Sheets-Skaai; 1

Filed Deo. 15, 1947 June 20, 1950 P. DEROME SANITARY EQUIPMENT rCHIEELT EoR THE PREPARATION oF cARBoNTc GAS BATT-xs Filed Dec. 15, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 20, 1950 P. DEROME 2,512,091

' SANITARY EQUIPMENT CHIEFLY FOR THE PREPARATION 0F CARBONIC GAS BATES 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 15, 1947 Patented `Iune 20, 1950 SANITARYLEQUIPMENT CHIEFLY Fon THE PREPARATION oFoARoNrc Gas BA'rHs Pierre Demme, Brussels, Belgium Application December 15, 1947, Serial No. 791,756 'InFranfcey December 23, 1946 4 It is well known that certain I Acirculatory system such as angina pectoris; dyssystolia, hyposystolia, -even 'certain asystoliae, heart arrhythmia, may be successfully treated with baths comprising a high contentlof carbonio Such baths have gas dissolved underpressure. v been demonstrated to be also highly eiiicient for treating obstructive arteritis, y'oedema aerophagy etc. nally such baths-have proved'highly beneficial to all organisms'that'have grown aged and weary. By following sucha treatment, physical and intellectual ability is recovered and even increased beyond the most hopeful "expectations, or in other words they cause an obvious rejuvenation and increase the vitality by cancelling any vtrace of weariness.

sure provided by some convenient supply; the "50 l saturator is furnished with means for 'stirring the water so as to get an even temperature and provision is made for the quick solution of the gas under pressure; there is further an larrangement for running the water from the saturator into the bath while means are provided to direct the iiuid stream towards the patients body, and also means to get rid of thek carbonio gas that may, escape from the bath water, and "iinally there is also a device for bringing the pressure downwhen the i' -saturator is nearly empty so as to. avoid any splashing outside the bath.

The control of the emptying of the Saturator is combined conveniently 'with lan electric switch that controls the scavenging-means of. the'car- -bonic gas, so that these various'ttings are brought automatically into operation at the moment when the bath starts to run. In |addition, the rate of emptying of the saturator may be adjusted by the patient himself when he gets intothe bath, so that the speed of now of the water may be decreased as soon as he enters the bath.

The following disclosure taken with'reference to the attached drawings will give acl'earer fdea ,of howthe invention works While, ofcourse,y the "micia''ms, (c1. 4-180) diseases of the tap-nozzle provided yat theend. of the overiiow particular points', that will emerge from a study of the drawings and the perusal of the description all come within the scope of the invention; In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevational view of the apparatus, the tub over which it is set up being shown in longitudinal section. Figure 2 `is an end view of the same apparatus, the bath appearing in cross-section.

Figure 3 is an elevation Iof the saturator of whichthe lower portion is torn olf to show the arrangement of the internal fittings.

Figure i is anaxial'section of the lwater delivery tube opening into the saturator.

Figure 5 is a plan view of the `atomizer apparatus for the carbonio gas, a portion of the plugs being stripped off.

Figure 6 is an elevational view corresponding to Figure 5.

Figure 7 is an axial lsection of the anti-splash Piping.

Figure 8 is a longitudinalsection of the control device of the fan, operated through the handle of the draining tap of the saturator.

F Figure 9 is a sectionl through the line IX-IX of ig. 8.

Figure lois an elevation-view of the drain regttllator and its control rod provided with a oa Figure 11 is an axial section of the regulator illustrated in Figure 10.

In the embodimentillustrated in the drawings, the apparatus includes a saturator I formed by a tank liable to stand an internal pressure of 7 to 10 kgs. per square centimetre and held above the tub 2 on a suitable support 3 so that the drain pipe 4 of this saturator, located at the centre of its bottom, is placed a short distance above the end of the tub facing the head of the patient.

Water at a suitable temperature is fed to the saturator from the bath taps that may be connected by means of a flexible rubber pipe to a union 5 followed by a check valve 6 fastened on the delivery nozzle 1v opening into the lower portion of the saturator (Figure 3). This delivery nozzle illustrated sectionally in Figure 4 comprises two jet-nozzles; one la at right angles to the nozzle collar-nut is slightly inclined on the axis of the saturator and it is directed so as to give an upward stream; Vthe other 1b forms an angle of about 30y with the iirst one, and it is directed so as to be substantially parallel to the side wall of the saturator, so as to give a whirling effectto the Water contained in the apparatus,

opening of appropriate size has been provided in the wall of the saturator, said opening being obturated by an autoclave-door 36.

In order to sweep away the carbonio gas that is given oi from the bath in a large amount, a

n fan 31 may be made to revolve in a tubular casing large diameter I3 (Fig. '7), surrounding the end'.

of tube I l to which it is welded and of which the c.

free end 53a presents a wide opening. The end:oi;. the overflow pipe Il, that is located inside the" sleeve, is plugged and this end of the pipe has a s= large number of side holes bored through it so that the water coming from' the `overovv exits as`VV fine sprays impinging on the inner wallof th'e sleeve and pours out of the latter ata gentler;`

rate.

Thepatienthas within reachawheel I6 controliingla tap .Iby means ofwhich he may `cut off theoverow pipe while thev carboniogasis being dissolved and there is a pressure-.gauge I1 provided on tube .I i lupstream.with respect to the tap I5 so` that hemay control the pressure inside the apparatus.

On the drainpipe 4 of the saturator4 isv assembled a back-water valve. I8'that isactuated by la wheel i9 4by means of a longcontrol rod 20 bringing the wheel i9 within reach of .the hand of :the patient in the bathsV Just Vfollowing -ithe valve I8 there is a drainregulator- 2| operated by means of a float leverl 22 yof'yvhichthe .object is to allow a quick emptying of the saturator into the `.tub and .to slow down the speedof .the water iloW when the Water level in the tub rises sharply as the patient gets into the-bath. Thisadjustment means of the supply of water from the saturator, that is illustratedin Figures lOand l1,V comprises a body laprovided with a cylindrical chamber 23 Vin which may turn a throttle valve'Z set on an axle 25 Yat yright anglesftor.-the.di1ection of 4the water iiow, and "that is actuated by the rod22 carrying the float Zl The axle.25 is set so that the throttle valve` is vertical vand leaves :the

pipe wide open when the float is in its lowenpoasition, ,and it begins. reducing the sectional area ofthe channel for .a predeterminedwater level; an adjustable stop allows the opening to beAkept vwide open so long as saidhpredeterminedwater level is not reached.

The drain regulator is; connected toa iixed drain pipe 2'! providedat Vits lower part with I'a hinged joint 23 .that-allows theqterminalpipe 29 to swing vertically. Y

The end of this -pipe is connected'by a small chain 39 to the float 2S so that when-thewater level rises with the fpatients entryinto theftub, this pipe comesup and directs the water owtowards the front part of the patients body.

The carbonio gascorning, in a liquid state, from gas tubes is expanded in a standard apparatus to apoint Where it -is at a pressure of about 6 to 7 kg.,.said apparatus-being connected through a suitable piping to the atomiser unit 3l. The latter is illustrated on a, larger scale in Figures 5 and 6 and includesa collector 3Ia with three delivery pipes provided at the centre of `three cups 32 each carrying ahollowplug 33 of unglazed porcelain. The collector is attached to the saturator by the threaded sleeve 34A and a nut 35i with the inser-` tion of suitable-watertight joints. l

Inorder to enable thevnozzle 1 and gas-atom'- liser to be introduced inside thesaturator, Aan

38 of which one end is fitted with an electric resistance thatensuresithe: reheating of the air displacediland the set @consisting oi I. fan, casing and resistance may be sloped towards the face :of the person in the bath.

Owingto the. important amount of gas evolved especially duringdr'aining, which may render the air unbreathable, care must be taken, not to .enterxthe'rbath without having started the fan.

In order..to prevent any fautly operation, the contiiolbf Ythe fan and that of the drain-cock are coupled so that the opening of cock I8 automatically starts the fan 31 and the heating of the resistance 39 at the same time.

To Ythis=,encll,^the switchl 40 fthatallowsthe startingbfthe -an and energization.ofrthe heating resistanceviFigures 8 ands) isf-settonan iron fitting@ integral with V.the frame supporting l the .fan zunit; and` its fspindlesd I- l:carries fa-discj llgrfastened criait; azjpulleyAS and-another .-disollmoth set loosemn thefspindle. Afspring-AS` forces. .the disc All-and. pulleygiagainst the disc :l2-.that has then a ffrictiomdrivef. Therswitch yrotorwcarries a `lug 49; and :two stops :lll1 fand-48 integral with the stationary part' of .thef'switoh i frame restrict to half a. `revolution thea-rotary g'motion oft the .moving part oftheiswitchsthatmakes contact through*- out thefgreatertpar-:t fofl.- its...moizementiv- A .pulley l-flSislreyedonl the hand control spindle 29 yof the drain-cock IB and a belt 5I! connects vthe two pulleys-Hand v39u Thev electricalconnections are such. .that,.byturning` wheel I9 :in the` direction .which causestthadrain-cockzcl8\ to'. open, the pulley V.43 turns throughJ/g -a revolution the switch dzathat. connectsfupthef-fan andresistance on lthe circuit; thusfensuring the-scavenging of any carbonicwgas: given; off;Y afterwhich :the pulley slides;ioverzqthef disc: 12s-by treason 1 ofthe. gentle thrustfof ,th'efspringz 45. c, By turning :the handle I 9 :'inY-thegfoppositee direction; the :rotation of the switchain the direction-.of closing-'of :the draincockl :I 8;5but.- the; electric currentist only cut when -thecontact stndidwcomesclosewto the upper stop ilxandfthis allowsithe owatonbezcontrolled by hand :while'fthe: contacttravels between .the v*two stops':without-arlyz; stoppage of z the xfam. The gearing down'rcorrespondsy:roughly; to ;the :num- .berfof '.:tu-rnsv` required' to open :suiiiciently the adrairieoockal 8:10p to'lsdecreasefits roprening. as. desiredr;

The apparatus; .worksiaintthe rfollowingsway The waterfsupplied by. thentubftapszbeing atthe properztemperaturezwhich mayzbeiascertained by inserting az-.thermometerfntd fthesunion. joint v5 l(Figure B) `theadrainecockfl 8.v issclosed, :the overiiow tap is open and theusaturatorfisfallowed to get .iilledcawith Lwate'ni During tlierlling, the waters isrcontinuously fstirreddnyfthe, two- Astreams coming.: fromizzjetmozzlest .11a :andi 11b son that` the water.' is: :practically: .uniform-Jl l inl.` temperature throughoutitheapparatus. i. If .required,. the temperature-.may Kbeiread by `means of a Vvthermometer :LladfinsideY attubexlocated half way up the saturatom Thellingziofzthai'saturator. is observed Ythrouglr'a water-gauge-zand 'when the saturator is completely iilled,.waten starts: to flow out through fthe I'antiesplash tap-nozzlei (l 2.2

Thenfsaturatorlbeing :full :oxwatergr the' supply tapsiasrwellasutha overowecockrrl 5 :are fclosed,

trated at 5I (Figure 3).

acfiaioei and the carbonic gas bottle is opened and delivers expanded gas at a pressure between 6 to' 7 kg., inside the unglazed porcelain plugs 33 of the atomiser unit 3l f The gas leaves these-plugs in the form of minute bubbles, with a considerable dissolving surface, that is in a favourable state for rapid and easy solution. The rise in pressure may be seen in the pressure-gauge I'I and when the pressure inside the saturator is very close to that in the reducing valve the preparation of the gaseous water is complete; the tap of the gas bottle is then closed and the tap I8 for emptying the saturator is at once opened wide. filled, the regulator 2| being-wide open. As soon as the tap I8 is opened, the fan 31 starts up so that the carbonic gas coming off in large amounts is scavenged by the displacement of hot air.

When the water inthe tub reaches the level prescribed for each individual, the `patient gets into the bath; the water level in the tub naturally rises suddenly and the action of the iioat 26 on the governor valve slows down the flow of water and raises the pipe 29 that thus directs towards the front of the patient a stream of gaseous water supplied by the saturator. When the latter is nearly empty, as may be seen from the watergauge that it carries, the pressure is lowered by turning the wheel I6 and thereby opening the tap I5. The water in the overow pipe II is discharged under pressure but any splashing outside the tub is prevented by the anti-splash tap-nozzle I2.

Naturally any suitable modification may be introduced to this type of particular apparatus Without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in accompanying claims. For instance, instead of providing a two-way nozzle for the mixing and stirring of the water, a turbine and propeller mixer may be used as illus- This type of mixer that comprises a nozzle 52 directing the stream of feed water on to a paddle wheel 53 with a propeller 54 xed on top, is fastened inside the saturator on a pipe 8, similar to those provided for the watergauge, so that the rising flow generated by the turning of the propeller blades is not hindered by the device used for dissolving the gas in the water; for this purpose, the plane of the propeller x 'is conveniently located above the level of the 5 atomiser plugs.

What I claim is:

1. A sanitary apparatus for the preparation of baths with high contents of carbonic gas adapted to be tted in abath-room for association with 'a bath tub or the like comprising, a mixing and vsaturating container; means for feeding the conbaths with high contents of carbonic gas adapted to be iitted in a bath-room for association with a bath tub or the like comprising, a mixing and saturating container; means for feeding the conu taner with water at the desired temperature; f

The tub is quickly meansfor feeding carbonicv gas under pressure into the container; means for stirring the water inside the-saturating container for obtaining a uniform temperature therein; means for furthering the thoroughdissolution of the carbonic gas in the water inside the container; draining means whereby the container is adapted to empty through its lower end; means for scavenging the carbonic gas evolved out of the bath water; and by-passlmeans for reducing the pressure in the saturation vessel including an overflow pipe opening out of the upper part of the saturating container, a tap adapted to: close its lower end, and hand operated means for opening said tap to make the pressure drop vin the latter when required.

' 3. A sanitary apparatus for the preparation of 'baths .with highA contents of carbonic gas adapted to be fitted in a bath-room for association with a bath tub or the like comprising, a mixing and saturating container; means for feeding the container with water at the desired temperature; means for feeding carbonic gas under pressure into the container; means for stirring the water inside the saturating container for obtaining a uniform temperature therein; means for furthering the thorough dissolution of the carbonic gas in the water inside the container; draining means whereby the container is adapted to empty through its lower end; means for scavenging the carbonic gas evolved out of the bath Water; and by-pass means for reducing the pressure in the saturation vessel including an overow pipe opening out of the upper part of the saturating container, a tap adapted to close its lower end, and hand operated means for opening said tap to make the pressure drop in the latter `when required, and an anti-splash nozzle fitted on the lower end of the outerflow pipe.

4. A sanitary apparatus for the preparation of vbaths with high contents of carbonic gas adapted to be fitted in a bath-room for association with a bath tub or the like comprising, a mixing and saturating container; means for feeding the container with Water at the desired temperature; means for feeding carbonic gas under pressure into the container; means for stirring the water inside the saturating container for obtaining a yuniformtemperature therein; means for furthering the thorough dissolution of the carbonic gas in the water inside the container; and draining means whereby the container is adapted to empty .through its lower end including valve means at the lower end of said container, a draining regulator at the outlet of the valve means and a pipe connecting the draining regulator with the lower part of the bath. y

5. A sanitary apparatus for the preparation of baths with high contentsof carbonic gas adapted to be fitted in a bath-room for association with a bath tub or'the like comprising, a mixing and saturating container; means for feeding the con- `tainer with water at the desired temperature; means for feeding carbonic gas under pressure into the container; means for stirring the water inside the saturating container for obtaining a uniform temperature therein; means for furthering the thorough dissolution of the carbonic gas in the water inside the container; and draining means whereby the container is adapted to empty through its lower end including valve means at the lower end of the container, a drain- `v-with the lower part of the bath, a float connected 7i with-.said draining 'regulatorandiadapted15o-open wide'ftheiregulator '.foithe, rlocatio'ns oi-f the; float underneath a; predeterminediwater; 'level inhithe bath and .fon closing .same whemthe-:levelfrises above said ypredetermined' valu'e.

6.1 A sanitary apparatus for thetprepara-tion of baths with high oontentsiofjoarbonic .gas-adapted to 'be tted in a.bath'room: for'associatiorrswith a. bathV tub or the. .likenoomprisingg a. mixing- .1 and saturating container; meansforffeedingthe conf tainer with water atzthe:desired-.temperatures means vfor feeding ,carbonicrgas under: pressure into the container;r means .for 'stirring the fwa-ter inside .the "saturating container`- for" obtaining.;` a uniformttemperature therein; means :for furia-here ing the thorough dissolution of the carbonicwgas in the water inside thecontainer; and-.draining means whereby the container is adapted :to empty through 'its lower end.includingfvalve-meansfat the lower'end ofthe container a draining regula-- tor at the outlet of the valizemeansa ipipe'conneoting the drainingcregulator` with the lower part of the bath;a;f1oat,connectedwith-said draining regulatorand adapted'to open-wide rthe regulator for the locationsoffthefloat under.- neath" a predeterminedzrwater level inzthecbath and for closing same when the levelrisesabove said predetermined Value; and"meansfwhereby the oat raises the end'of-the. pipe lleadingl tothe bottom' of the bath `forraising'e` samewhen the level ofthe water has risen :aboveyapredeter-v mined .value vfor "directing the 'stream of 'income ing water towards the other endi'of 'the 'batir tub.

7. A sanitary apparatus 4forthe; preparation of baths with'high contents `ofcarbonic gas adapted to Ybe fittedr in a bathroom for association withsa bath tub 'or the like comprising; a mixingaand saturating container; means for feeding'the-conrtainer with Waterat the desired temperature; means for Afeeding .carbonimgas: underfpressure into thefcontainem means-'forfstirring the Water inside the saturating container for obtaininga uniform temperature therein; means for fur-- thering `the thorough ,dissolution of the carbonio gas in the Awater inside the container; draining means whereby the container is adapted'zto 'empty throughA its lowerr end; meansV for scavenging.` the carbonio gas evolvedout ofthe bathawaterfim cluding an electric fan, anieleotric resistance :as sooiated therewith; and ,means for energizing said fan andresistance.`

8. A :sanitary apparatus for.A .the preparation: of bathswith high contents of carbonio gas yadapted to be tted in a bath-roomfor assooiationfwith a bath tub Yor the'like comprising; a mixing` and saturating container; means forfeeding thercontainer with water at the desiredternperature; means for Ifeeding carbonio gas vum'lor-npressure into the container; means for-'stirringzthe .water inside the saturating containerrfor obtaining,a uniform temperature therein; means. for -urthering the thorough dissolution' of i the carbonio i gas in the water' inside -thef container; draining means whereby the container is adaptedtofempty through its lower end.;- means-for-scavengingthe carbonio gas evolved out of thefba-thffwater in;- cluding an electric ian, an electrio-resistanoeiasisociated therewith, means-fon energizinggsaid fan and resistance,a tubular casingfenclosing the ian and'resistance; and means. for-angularly shifting said casing ina-vertical planevfor directing the air blown by the fan towardsfrthe :end of the bath tubV correspondingcto itheiaoef of the patient.

9.t A-sanitaryapparatus fon the preparatom of bathsfwithfhigh contents :of carbonio gas ladapted tofzbe:A fitted vtin a f bath-room; for. associationA with asbathtub .or .the like comprising, amixing and saturating container; means for Ifeed-ing the container. with waterf at thefdesired temperature; means-for feeding-g-oarbonio rgas under Ypressure into the container; meansfor stirring .thewater inside -thelsaturating container for obtaining a uniform temperature therein; means for fur- Yitheriifigdili'e thorough. dissolution of the carbonio gasein ther water inside the container.; draining means-whereby the container is adapted to empty through fits .lower end; and means for scavenging thefcarbonicf gas evolved .out of the bath Water .including anl electric fan; an electric resistance associated'ttherewth, means for energizing Said fanand resistance; aswitoh controlling the fan, valve means controlling the drainingof the saturating. container.A and hand'operated means for controlling.simultaneouslyi the switch and the valve means. l

10.` Asanitary apparatus for the preparation of baths withhigh contents of carbonio gas adapted tobe ttedein a bath-room forassociation with .a bath tub-or the-like comprising, a mixing and saturating container; -means for: feeding the oontainer with water at the-desired temperature; meansffor feeding carbonio gas-- under pressure into. the container;means ffor stirring'the water inside' the saturatingqcontainer for obtaining a uniform-temperature therein; means for furtheringthefthorough'dissolution of the carbonio gas in the Water inside the container; draining means-whereby the container is. adapted to empty Vthrough its Ylower-end; means for scavenging the .carbonio vgas evolvedout ofthe bath Water including an electric fan;` an.` electric resistance associated'therewith"and means for energizing said fan and resistance', a--switch controlling the Afari,-valve .means controlling the draining of the saturating container,` hand operated means for controlling. simultaneously the switch andY the valve means; by-passmeanszfor reducing the pressure in .the saturatingloontainer; a draining regulator at. the -outlet of said vvalvemear-1s; a

pipe .connecting .the draining ,regulator with. the `lowerpartof the bath; afloat oonneotedwith said. draining yregulator and. adapted. to vropen wide the regulator ,for the locations. ofthe oat underneath: a predeterminedwater level. in the bath and for closing same when .the-,level rises above said predetermined Value;. and-` means whereby the loatraises the end ofthe pipe leading tothe bottom of the bath whenthe level of `,their/atar has risen above a predetermined value for directing the stream. of incoming. water towards .the other end oi thebath tub.

l1.' A sanitary apparatusrfor they preparation of bathswith high ,contents of Vcarbonio gas adapted to be ittedin. a .bathfroomfon association with a bath tub or the like.comprsingzamixing and saturating container; means for. feeding the container with a mixture-of ,cold and warm water; means for feeding carbonio gas. under pressure into the container; means. VQrstirring .the mixture of-water insidev thesaturating container for obtaining auniform temperature therein, said means. comprising a .nozzle located at thebottom of said container, said nozzle having an inlet connected toga pipezprovidingfthe mixture of cold and warmwater and'fa pair. `of outlets angularly slopingfor about 30" one with respectv to the other,- saidnozzle being arranged and. adapted so as.to ,fdirectiinside said container and through 'fone-fof .saidfputlets tangupwardsand substantially vertical stream of Water, and through the second outlet an upward stream of water substantially tangential to the vertical wall of said mixing container; means for furthering the thorough dissolution of the carbonio gas in the water inside the container; and draining means whereby said container is adapted to empty through its lower end.

12. A sanitary apparatus for the preparation of baths with high contents of carbonio gas adapted to be fitted in a bath-room for association with a bath tub or the like comprising, a mixing and saturating container; means for feeding the oontainer with water at the desired temperature; means for feeding carbonio gas under pressure into the container; means for stirring the water inside the saturating container for obtaining a uniform temperature therein; means for furthering the thorough dissolution of the carbonio gas in the water inside the container, said means including plugs of unglazed porcelain and a manifold collector pipe feeding said 'plugs with carbonic gas through the container Wall; draining means whereby said container is adapted to empty through its lower end; and means automatically moderating the rate of flow of the car bonated warm Water out o f the container into said bath tub when the patient enters the bath.

13. A sanitary apparatus for the preparation of baths with high contents of carbonio gas adapted to be fitted in a bath-room for association with a bath tub or the like comprising, a mixing and saturating container; means for feeding the container with water at the desired temperature; means for feeding carbonio gas under pressure into the container; means for stirring the water inside the saturating container for obtaining a uniform temperature therein; means for furthering the thorough dissolution of the carbonio `gas in the water inside the container, said means including plugs of unglazed porcelain and a manifold collector pipe feeding said plugs with carbonio gas through the container wall; draining means whereby said container is adapted to empty through its lower end; and means for automatically tilting upward the stream of carbonated Warm Water flowing into said bath tub and directing said stream towards the front of the patients body when he enters the bath.

14. A sanitary apparatus for the preparation of baths withv high contents of carbonio gas adapted to be fitted in a bath-room for association with a bath tub or the like comprising a mixing and saturating container, means for feeding the container with Water at the desired temperature, means for feeding carbonio gas under pressure into the container, means for stirring the water inside the saturating container for obtaining a uniform temperature therein, means for furthering the thorough dissolution of the carbonio gas in the Water inside the container, draining means whereby the container is adapted to empty through its lower end; means for blowing out of said bath tub the carbonio gas evolved from the bath water; and by-pass means for reducing the pressure in said saturating container.

PIERRE DEROME.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,641,778 O'Verton Sept. 6, 1927 1,860,009 Belt May 24, 1932 2,053,984 Belt Sept. 8, 1936 2,314,984 Hudson Mar. 30, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 223,664 Germany .lune 28, 1910 370,038 Germany Feb. 26, 1923 

